• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A gooseneck tube includes a first tube half having a first rounded centerline curve and a second tube half attached to the first tube half and having a second rounded centerline curve, second tube half defining a cross sectional diameter of the first and a second half tubes. The first and flow path. The second half of the tube change along the flow path. The different diameters of the first and second tube halves serve to mitigate pressure losses due in part to Dean vortices or secondary flow flow patterns in the flow path when a fluid in the gooseneck tube is rotated.
    公开号:AT520617A2
    申请号:T9220/2017
    申请日:2017-07-07
    公开日:2019-05-15
    发明作者:B Nelson Craig；A Nelson Reid；D Greenwood Riley；D Leinweber Chad；R Towsend Michael
    申请人:Nelson Irrigation Corp；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
    This application claims the benefit of US Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62 / 359,489, filed Jul. 7, 2016, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
    OPINION ON FEDERALLY FINANCED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT
    [0002] (NOT APPLICABLE)
    BACKGROUND
    The invention relates to a gooseneck tube for
    Use in circular irrigation, and more particularly, a gooseneck tube with an optimized flow path for mitigating pressure loss due in part to secondary flow patterns, such as Dean vortices.
    Circular irrigation systems consist of elevated side tubes which convey water from the inlet of the system, generally in the middle of the irrigated area, to the perimeter of the field. The side pipes are mechanically moved during irrigation to provide large irrigated areas in terms of the number and size of system components. Because of their relatively large irrigated area, loop irrigation systems also require relatively large volumes of water for proper operation. There is an existing infrastructure of software programs,
    Assembly departments and installation procedures to configure the set of components that use water. The infrastructure is designed to optimize the configuration to require the minimum system operating pressure that results in pressure being applied to each of the sprinklers that meets or exceeds what was determined by the manufacturer to be minimally acceptable for effectively using water. It is therefore desirable that the pressure of the entire flow of the circular irrigation system be increased to compensate for losses in the components that promote water to the sprinklers. The frictional losses of these components greatly affect the pumping requirements and the running costs of the irrigation system. Minimizing friction losses is highly desirable for all components used in circular irrigation systems.
    Goosenecks are common components in Kreisberegnungssystemen. Their function is to convey a portion of the water from the elevated side main pipe of the circular irrigation system to other components that ultimately provide the water to a sprinkler. The manufacturers of circular irrigation systems have standardized the provision of outlets at the top of the side main pipe to reduce the amount of solids being conveyed along the system to the sprinklers. Most of the irrigation loop sprinklers operate below the side main pipe to reduce the potential for evaporation and wind drift. As such, the water from the outlet on the top of the side main pipe is rotated approximately 180 degrees and down toward the sprinkler (see FIG. 1). This diversion of water has a high potential for increased friction losses. The component that performs this function provides a good opportunity to improve the efficiency of the circular irrigation system and reduce the cost of ownership of the system.
    The optimum configurations of sprinklers for irrigating various crop products have been influenced by operational experience, scientific research and economic considerations. A special circular irrigation system could be used in successive years to produce a crop in which the optimum configuration is elevated sprinklers oriented upwardly over the side main pipe and a crop product best watered by sprinklers under the side pipe near the bottom are attached to irrigate. An apparatus for assisting the transition between upward and downward orientations of the sprinkler would offer the advantage of always using optimal configurations without increasing labor costs, and would reduce the likelihood of errors that could occur when removing one configuration and another for each Transition of the crop should be established.
    FIG. Figure 2 shows an exemplary circular irrigation arrangement with a raised side main pipe. Hoses are attached to the hose drop outlets and sprinklers are attached to the ends of the hoses for distributing water flow. The arrangement shown in FIG. 2 includes a sprinkler / regulator package that may be determined for a different system flow rate.
    It is desirable to maximize a flow rate while minimizing pressure losses from the inlet to the outlet. Existing gooseneck tubes can be inexpensively molded from plastics. However, in order to integrally form the gooseneck tubes, the core must be pulled out tangentially along the flowpath centerline, which requires a taper of the cross-section. As a result, the geometries of existing gooseneck tubes are limited.
    SUMMARY
    A gooseneck tube according to the described embodiments uses a two-part design. In this way, the gooseneck tube may include a variable cross-sectional diameter to optimize the flow path. By increasing the cross-sectional area in which the fluid in the gooseneck tube is rotated, pressure losses for larger flow rates can be reduced, which can become significant over an entire circular irrigation system. The optimized flow path helps to reduce the amount of Dean vortices or secondary flow patterns when rotating fluid at high flow rates 180 degrees in the gooseneck. In some embodiments, the gooseneck has a raised flow path with two differently rounded (but tangent) centerline / guide curves. Variable centerline diameters are defined along the centerline / guide curves that further define the raised flowpath. Gradually increasing the cross-sectional flow path helps slow the average fluid velocity, thereby reducing the overall pressure loss through the 180 degree curved gooseneck. Part of this reduced pressure loss is due to the lower fluid velocity, resulting in less development of harmful side streams (not in the direction of the primary flow or in the counterflow). Test data supports the observation of the pressure loss.
    In one embodiment, a gooseneck tube includes a first tube half having a first rounded centerline curve and a second tube half attached to the first tube half and having a second rounded centerline curve. The first and second tube halves define a flow path. The cross-sectional diameters of the first and second tube halves change along the flow path. In some embodiments, the first and second rounded centerline curves are different.
    The cross-sectional diameters of the first and second tube halves are preferably configured to mitigate pressure losses, in part due to Dean vortices or secondary flow patterns, when fluid is rotated in the flow path through the gooseneck tube. In a flow or flow direction, the cross-sectional diameter of the first half-tube may increase along the flow path and the cross-sectional diameter of the second half of the tube may decrease along the flow path. In this connection, the cross-sectional diameter at a distal end of the first half-tube may be about 1.5 times the cross-sectional diameter at a proximal end of the first half-tube, and the cross-sectional diameter at a proximal end of the second half-tube may be about 1.5 times the cross-sectional diameter at a distal end of the second half tube.
    The first rounded centerline curve may be larger than the second rounded centerline curve. In addition, the first rounded centerline curve may be tangent to the second rounded centerline curve. The flow path may be curved in either a circular or elliptical configuration. An entry angle of the first half pipe can in
    Substantially tangential to the first rounded centerline curve and an exit angle of the second half tube may be substantially tangential to the second rounded centerline curve.
    The first pipe half may be connected to the second pipe half by friction welding.
    At least one of the first pipe half and the second pipe half may include a reinforcing rib. In some embodiments, the first half tube may include an outer reinforcing rib, or the first half tube may have a pair of inner reinforcing ribs that extend in a direction of the flow path.
    The gooseneck tube may include an additional outlet opening extending from the first tube half. In this case, the gooseneck tube may additionally include an outer reinforcing rib connected between the additional outlet opening and the first tube half. The gooseneck tube may include a check valve coupled to one of the first and second tube halves. The check valve may include a valve assembly having a valve stem and a valve seat disposed at a distal end of the valve stem. The one of the first and second pipe halves may have a valve shut-off surface with which the valve seat is engageable in a closed position of the valve. In some embodiments, the valve seat may be curved along its length and across its width.
    In another embodiment, a gooseneck tube includes a first tube half having a first rounded centerline curve and a second tube half attached to the first tube half and having a second rounded centerline curve that is different from the first rounded centerline curve , The first and second tube halves define a flow path. A cross-sectional diameter of the first half tube increases along the flow path, and a cross-sectional diameter of the second half tube decreases along the flow path. The first rounded centerline curve is larger than the second rounded centerline curve.
    In still another embodiment, a method of making a gooseneck tube includes the steps of forming a first half tube having a first rounded centerline curve; forming a second half-tube having a second rounded centerline curve different from the first rounded centerline curve, the first and second half-tubes defining a flow path, wherein the forming processes are performed such that cross-sectional diameters of the first and second half-tubes are along the flowpath change; and connecting the first pipe half and the second pipe half. The molding methods may be performed such that the cross-sectional diameters of the first and second pipe halves are configured to mitigate the Dean vortex or secondary flow pattern when fluid is rotated in the flow path through the gooseneck tube. The molding methods may be performed such that in a flow direction, the cross-sectional diameter of the first pipe half increases along the flow path, and the cross-sectional diameter of the second pipe half decreases along the flow path. The shaping processes may be performed such that the first radiused centerline curve is greater than the second radiused centerline curve.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    These and other aspects and advantages will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. FIG. 1 shows an exemplary application of a gooseneck tube for use in the
    Sprinkling Irrigation District; FIG. FIG. 2 illustrates an example circular irrigation arrangement including an elevated side main pipe; FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view of an exemplary gooseneck tube according to the described embodiments; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the gooseneck tube shown in FIG. 3; FIG. Figures 5 and 6 are respective views of the first and second tube halves which are connected to form the gooseneck tube; FIG. Figure 7 is an end view of an exemplary gooseneck tube including internal reinforcing ribs; FIG. FIG. 8 shows an exemplary gooseneck tube with an outer reinforcing rib; FIG. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a gooseneck tube with an additional outlet opening; FIG. FIGS. 10 and 11 are cross-sectional views of the respective first and second pipe halves of the gooseneck tube shown in FIG. 9, and FIG. 12 and 13 embodiments of the
    Gooseneck tube containing a shut-off valve.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    FIG. 3 to 7 show a gooseneck tube of a first embodiment. Gooseneck tube 10 includes a first tube half 12 having a first rounded centerline curve 14 (FIG. A second tube half 16 is attached to the first tube half via a spin weld or friction weld connection 18 or the like. References to the first tube "half" and the second tube "half" are not intended to be limited to like halves of the gooseneck tube, but are merely intended to denote separate portions of the gooseneck tube. The second tube half 16 includes a second rounded centerline curve 20 that is different from the first rounded centerline curve 14. As shown, the first radiused centerline curve 14 is tangent to the second radiused centerline curve 20. The first tube half 12 may be an inlet tube half and the second tube half 16 may be an outlet tube half. The first rounded centerline curve 14 may be larger than the second rounded centerline curve 20. The first 12 and second 16 pipe halves define a flow path. As shown, the flow path is curved in a circular configuration. Prototypes used in the test were not limited to circular flow paths. Other tested shapes include elliptical
    Cross sections and those in elliptical trilobal shape. Overall, a circular cross section provided the most effective results.
    In some embodiments, the
    Cross-sectional diameter of the first 12 and second 16 tube half configured to attenuate the Dean vortex or secondary flow pattern when a fluid in the flow path through the gooseneck tube 10 is rotated. For example, cross sectional diameters of the first 12 and second 16 half tubes may vary along the flow path. In some
    Embodiments may increase in a flow direction of the cross-sectional diameters of the first / inlet-side half-pipe 12 along the flow path and the
    Cross sectional diameter of the second / outlet side tube half 16 may decrease along the flow path. In one construction, the cross-sectional diameter at a distal end 12-2 (in the flow direction) of the first half-tube 12 is about 1.5 times the cross-sectional diameter at a proximal end 12-1 of the first half-tube 12. Also, the
    Cross-sectional diameter at a proximal end 16-1 of the second tube half 16 is about 1.5 times the cross-sectional diameter at a distal end 16-2 of the second tube half 16.
    To most effectively mitigate pressure drops and secondary flow patterns, an entrance angle of the first half pipe 12 may be substantially tangential to the first rounded center line turn 14. Likewise, an exit angle of the second tube half 16 may be substantially tangential to the second rounded centerline curve 20. In the exemplary cross-section shown in FIG. 4, the gooseneck tube 10 has a raised flow path with the differently rounded and tangential centerline / guide curves. In FIG. 4 are five exemplary ones
    Cross-sectional diameter, normalized to the inlet diameter 0, marked. Gradually increasing the diameter of the cross-sectional flow path helps to slow down the average fluid velocity, thereby increasing the flow rate
    Total pressure loss is reduced by the approximately 180 degrees curved gooseneck tube 10. Part of this reduced pressure loss is due to the lower fluid velocity, resulting in less development of deleterious secondary flow patterns. The geometry of the gooseneck tube 10 is not well suited for plastic injection molding as a single component. It is technically unrealistic to mold such a fluid path geometry and extract the inner core, even with the technologies currently available for collapsible cores. By separating the gooseneck tube 10 into the first 12 and second 16 tube halves, the separated parts are readily moldable and can be welded together to form the gooseneck tube 10. The parts can also be rotationally welded around an axis. With prior art servo-rotary welders, it can be determined when the resin is in a melt flow stage, and the welding process can be stopped with about 1 degree accuracy of angular alignment between the parts. Any suitable connection methodology may be used, and the invention is not intended to be limited to the methods described. For example, the parts may be ultrasonically welded or welded using a different resin bonding process. Other arrangements may include snap-lock with a 0-ring, screws with an o-ring, threaded parts, solvent bonding, induction welding, heating element welding, or the like. Other methods may include metal (aluminum or cast iron) sand casting.
    In some embodiments, one or both of the first and second tube halves may be provided with a reinforcing rib. FIG. FIG. 7 shows an embodiment wherein the first tube half 12 includes an inner reinforcing rib 22. Two inner reinforcing ribs 22 are shown. The inner reinforcing ribs 22 extend in the direction of the flow path. The reinforcing ribs 22 serve to add tensile strength and further reduce flow vortex. Reinforcing rib (s) 22 help to keep the
    Split the load over the pipe threads of the first half pipe 12, which engages in the main clamping tube. For example, if the regulator-sprinkler package were to hang in a roof of the crop product while the circular irrigation system is being moved by the crop product, significant forces may be applied to the distal / exhaust end 16-2 of the second tube half 16. The structure of the gooseneck successfully achieves good handling of these forces until these forces are translated as moment / torque at the proximal / inlet end 121 of the first tube half 12. This moment creates a tensile load on the outer radius threads and a compressive load on the inner radius threads. There may also be a stress-increasing effect more pronounced on the threads in tension, where they change from being engaged with the internal threads of the main tension tube to a released (or free) state. The rib (s) 22 help to distribute this tensile load between / over several (n) of the engaged threads. The ribs 22 also selectively provide more cross-section (and material) to support the tensile load when needed at the outer radius.
    As shown in FIG. 8, one or both of the tube halves 12, 16 may be provided with an outer reinforcing rib 24. The outer rib 24 does not affect the flow, but adds tensile or compressive strength. The exemplary outer reinforcing rib 24 shown in FIG. 8, is preferably disposed on an underside of the gooseneck tube 10 and may be in the form of a molded plastic rib extending from an area adjacent the inlet of the tube half or proximal end 12-1 to an area adjacent to that where the first half pipe 12 connects to the second half pipe 16, z. B. near the distal end 12-2 of the first half tube.
    FIG. 9-11 show a gooseneck tube 30 of an alternative embodiment. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 to 11, the tube 30 includes an additional outlet port 32 extending from the first tube half 12. The additional outlet opening 32 provides alternative or additional covering characteristics of the sprinkler depending on the desired use. A sprinkler head with flow characteristics other than those of the sprinkler heads mounted below the side pipe may be added to the additional ones
    Outlet opening 32 are added. With the additional outlet opening 32 extending upwardly from the first tube half 12, it is possible to include an alternative or additional reinforcing rib 34 secured between the additional outlet opening 32 and the outer surface of the distal portion of the first tube half 12. The reinforcing rib 34 may alternatively or in addition to the lower reinforcing rib 24 shown in FIG. 8, and / or the inner reinforcing ribs 22 shown in FIG. 7, be present.
    FIG. Figures 12 and 13 show gooseneck tubes 40, 50 of still further alternative embodiments. The gooseneck tubes 40, 50 may be provided with a check valve 42, 52 coupled to one of the first 12 and second 16 tube halves. The gooseneck tube 50 is shown in FIG. 13 is shown as an alternative unitary construction, but this tube 50 may similarly include the first and second tube halves. The in FIG. Valve structure 42 shown in FIG. 12 includes a valve stem 44 actuated using water pressure and a rolling diaphragm 45. A valve seat 46 at one end of the valve stem 44 may be curved along its length and across its width. The curved shape improves the flow path in the wide open state.
    The check valve 52 in FIG. 13 includes a valve stem 54 and a valve seat 56 which may be flat or spherical in radius. The ball-seated valve seat 56 improves the valve seat by mitigating misalignment. A conical surface of the valve seat 56 reduces resistance to water flow when the valve is open. The shut-off valve 52 also includes a valve shut-off surface 58 which receives the valve seat 56.
    In manufacturing the gooseneck tube, again with reference to FIG. 3-7, for example, the first 12 and second 16 tube halves are formed with respective first 14 and second 20 rounded centerline curves. The shaping processes are carried out so that cross-sectional diameters of the first 12 and second 16 half-tubes change along the flow path. The first 12 and second 16
    Tube halves are then joined using a suitable bonding method, such as friction welding or the like, as described above. The forming methods may be performed such that the cross-sectional diameters of the first 12 and second 16-half tubes are configured to attenuate the Dean vortex or secondary flow pattern as fluid is rotated in the flow path through the gooseneck tube. The molding processes may be performed such that in one flow direction, the cross-sectional diameter of the first half pipe 12 increases along the flow path and the cross sectional diameter of the second half pipe 16 decreases along the flow path. The first 12 and second 16 tube halves may be shaped so that the first rounded centerline curve 14 is greater than the second rounded centerline curve 20.
    Using a two-part mold design, the gooseneck tube according to the described embodiments is provided with variable cross-sectional diameters for optimizing the flow path. By increasing the cross-sectional area in the portion of the tube which rotates the fluid, pressure losses for larger flow rates can be reduced, which can become significant over an entire circular irrigation system. The optimized flow path helps mitigate the extent of Dean vortices or secondary flow patterns when rotating fluid at high flow rates 180 degrees in the gooseneck.
    Although the invention has been described in conjunction with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiments, but on the contrary, the various modifications are intended and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (24)
    [1]
    A gooseneck tube comprising: a first tube half having a first rounded centerline curve and a second tube half attached to the first tube half and having a second rounded centerline curve, the first and second tube halves defining a fluid flow path under pressure wherein, in a flow direction, the cross-sectional diameter of the first half-tube increases along the flow path to a junction between the first half-tube and the second half-tube and the cross-sectional diameter of the second half-tube decreases along the flow path from the junction between the first half-tube and the second half-tube.
    [2]
    2. The gooseneck tube of claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional diameter at a distal end of the first tube half is about 1.5 times the cross-sectional diameter at a proximal end of the first tube half, and wherein the cross-sectional diameter at a proximal end of the second tube half is about 1, 5 times the cross-sectional diameter at a distal end of the second half pipe.
    [3]
    3. The gooseneck tube according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional diameters of the first and second tube halves are configured to attenuate the pressure losses due to Dean vortices or secondary flow patterns when fluid is rotated in the flow path through the gooseneck tube.
    [4]
    4. The gooseneck tube of claim 1, wherein the first rounded centerline curve is longer than the second rounded centerline curve.
    [5]
    5. The gooseneck tube of claim 4, wherein the first rounded centerline curve is tangent to the second rounded centerline curve.
    [6]
    The gooseneck tube according to claim 1, wherein the flow path is curved in one of a circular or elliptical configuration.
    [7]
    7. The gooseneck tube according to claim 1, wherein an entrance angle of the first tube half is substantially tangential to the first rounded centerline curve.
    [8]
    8. The gooseneck tube of claim 7, wherein an exit angle of the second tube half is substantially tangential to the second rounded centerline curve.
    [9]
    9. gooseneck tube according to claim 1, wherein the first tube half is connected to the second tube half by friction welding.
    [10]
    10. The gooseneck tube according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first tube half and the second tube half have a reinforcing rib.
    [11]
    11. The gooseneck tube according to claim 10, wherein the first tube half has an outer reinforcing rib.
    [12]
    12. The gooseneck tube according to claim 1, wherein the first tube half has a pair of inner reinforcing ribs extending in a direction of the flow path.
    [13]
    13. The gooseneck tube according to claim 1, further comprising an additional outlet opening extending from the first tube half.
    [14]
    14. The gooseneck tube of claim 13, further comprising an outer reinforcing rib connected between the additional outlet port and the first tube half.
    [15]
    15. The gooseneck tube of claim 1, further comprising a check valve coupled to one of the first and second tube halves.
    [16]
    16. The gooseneck tube of claim 15, wherein the shut-off valve includes a valve assembly including a valve stem and a valve seat disposed at a distal end of the valve stem, the one of the first and second tube halves having a valve shut-off surface with which the valve seat in a closed position of the valve is engageable.
    [17]
    17. The gooseneck tube according to claim 16, wherein the valve seat is curved along its length and across its width.
    [18]
    18. The gooseneck tube of claim 1, wherein the second rounded centerline curve is different from the first rounded centerline curve.
    [19]
    19. A gooseneck tube comprising: a first tube half having a first rounded centerline curve and a second tube half attached to the first tube half and having a second rounded centerline curve different from the first rounded centerline curve, the first and second Pipe half define a flow path, wherein a cross-sectional diameter of the first half tube increases along the flow path, wherein a cross-sectional diameter of the second half tube along the flow path decreases, and wherein the first rounded center line curve is greater than the second rounded center line curve.
    [20]
    The gooseneck tube of claim 19, wherein the first rounded centerline curve is tangent to the second rounded centerline curve.
    [21]
    21. A method of making a gooseneck tube, the method comprising: forming a first half tube having a first rounded centerline curve; Forming a second half-tube having a second rounded centerline curve different from the first rounded centerline curve, the first and second half-tubes defining a flow path, wherein the forming processes are performed such that cross-sectional diameters of the first and second half-tubes change along the flowpath ; and connecting the first pipe half and the second pipe half.
    [22]
    22. The method of claim 21, wherein the forming processes are performed so that in a flow direction, the cross-sectional diameter of the first half pipe increases along the flow path and decreases the cross-sectional diameter of the second half pipe along the flow path.
    [23]
    23. The method of claim 21, wherein the forming processes are performed such that the cross-sectional diameters of the first and second half-tubes are configured to mitigate the Dean vortex or secondary flow patterns when fluid is rotated in the flow path through the gooseneck tube.
    [24]
    24. The method of claim 21, wherein the shaping processes are performed such that the first radiused centerline curve is greater than the second radiused centerline curve.
    类似技术:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201662359489P| true| 2016-07-07|2016-07-07|
    PCT/US2017/041182|WO2018009857A1|2016-07-07|2017-07-07|Center pivot irrigation gooseneck with varying cross-sectional diameters|
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